{"id":3816,"date":"2025-10-02T09:02:45","date_gmt":"2025-10-02T09:02:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nestler-project.eu\/?p=3816"},"modified":"2025-10-02T09:02:46","modified_gmt":"2025-10-02T09:02:46","slug":"bugs-and-waste-turned-into-safe-fertilizer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nestler-project.eu\/index.php\/2025\/10\/02\/bugs-and-waste-turned-into-safe-fertilizer\/","title":{"rendered":"Bugs and Waste Turned into Safe Fertilizer"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>We are happy to share a research paper from the NESTLER project. The title is <em>&#8220;Microbial Composition and Bioremediation in Frass Fertilizers from Insect-Based Agri-Food Waste Valorization&#8221;<\/em>. It looks at how frass can be used as a safe organic fertilizer to help soil and crops grow better.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This paper came out in the <em>Journal of Environmental Management<\/em>. It checks frass from eight types of edible bugs, like black soldier fly (<em>Hermetia illucens<\/em>), crickets (<em>Gryllus bimaculatus<\/em> and <em>Scapsipedus icipe<\/em>), silk moth (<em>Bombyx mori<\/em>), mealworm (<em>Tenebrio molitor<\/em>), desert locust (<em>Schistocerca gregaria<\/em>), African fruit beetle (<em>Pachnoda sinuata<\/em>), and rhinoceros beetle (<em>Oryctes rhinoceros<\/em>). Main results:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Safety Check<\/strong>: No Salmonella bacteria in any frass. Other germs (like E. coli, enterococci) and heavy metals (like As, Cd, Cr, Cu) were at safe levels for organic fertilizers.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Germ Types<\/strong>: Bacteria were mostly Firmicutes (43%), Proteobacteria (23%), and Actinobacteriota (18%). Fungi were mainly Ascomycota (80%) and Basidiomycota (10%). The most varied germs were in frass from <em>O. rhinoceros<\/em> and <em>P. sinuata<\/em>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Useful Roles<\/strong>: Fungi help break down waste, recycle nutrients, and fight bad germs. Bacteria make antibiotics, plant growth helpers, fix nitrogen, and more\u2014especially in frass from <em>P. sinuata<\/em>, <em>S. gregaria<\/em>, and <em>H. illucens<\/em>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Bug Differences<\/strong>: 79\u201386% of germ changes came from the bug type. This shows different bugs can make frass for specific clean-up and farm uses.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>This work shows how using bugs to process food waste makes clean fertilizers. It helps with better farming, fixing soil, and food supply. It fits NESTLER&#8217;s aim to use nature for sustainable solutions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Read the full free article and other NESTLER publications <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/nestler-project.eu\/index.php\/publications\/\">here<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>NESTLER Journal Publication<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3817,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v17.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Bugs and Waste Turned into Safe Fertilizer - NESTLER<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/nestler-project.eu\/index.php\/2025\/10\/02\/bugs-and-waste-turned-into-safe-fertilizer\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bugs and Waste Turned into Safe Fertilizer - 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